The quality of images produced by the first camera is determined by the factors of good lens, then the rest is processed by the sensor and image processor system in the camera. Unfortunately when someone is judging whether or not a camera, lens factor actually be the element that is often overlooked, as if each lens on the camera is the same. Someone will be more likely to pursue a high-resolution, high ISO capability and so on than to find out how well the lens contained in a camera.
No one did, because the resolution is a factor that can raise the prestige of a camera, and so the first thing that is always asked by everyone who saw our camera. But at least, to know how the lens is good and what keterbatasnnya, we can better understand the capabilities of our cameras.
For starters, let us first record the terms frequently used when discussing about the lens on the camera, so have the same perception about these terms.
• Focal length (focal length): Determining the image area that can be taken by the camera. To take a picture of a broad and wide, the lens used is wide lenses (below 35mm). To get a perspective of a normal image used normal lens (around 50mm) and take pictures for a much needed telephoto lenses (above 100mm). If the lens has only one focal distance lens just called fix (fixed), while if the lens can be changed from wide to telephoto zoom lens is called. Zoom lens capability is measured by comparing the maximum telephoto to wide maximum, for example when a zoom lens with wide focal length specification of 28mm and 280mm telephoto, it is called a 10x zoom lens (or 280 divided by 28).
• The speed of the lens (lens speed): Each lens has a diaphragm which regulate the amount of light duty that can pass through the lens. Diaphragm can enlarge and shrink according to the specified aperture value, expressed as f. For ease, remember that large openings have small f values, and vice versa (the small openings have a large f value). So f/3.5 is larger than f / 8. The bigger the lens opening, the more light that can be inserted through the lens, and allows use of shutter on the camera faster. Each lens has a maximum opening different, can be very large (f/1.4) to smaller (f / 4). Therefore, the lens has a large opening called fast lenses (can use shutter speed) and lens are small openings called the lens labih slow, because most often forcing the camera using a slower shutter.
• The sharpness of the lens (sharpness): Being a determining factor of a good photo results, usually no matter the sharpness of certain size, but by looking at test results of the review of the camera / lens to the test chart, we know the sharpness of a lens. A good lens ideally should provide a uniform sharpness throughout the image area, both in the middle or at the edge / corner. Similarly, the sharpness of the zoom lens, ideally should remain sharp both at the time when atapun wide maximum telephoto.
• Distortion lens (lens distortion): It is an optical aberration phenomenon that can not be avoided because the lens will tend to bend the straight image area, primarily as wide or telephoto position. Distortion at wide-called barrel distortion (straight lines become curved out) and at telephoto is called pincushion (straight lines become curved in). However, the present lenses have been equipped with specialized lens elements to reduce the lens defects that may occur.
• Another term commonly used in assessing the lens is vignetting, purple fringing, lens flares, and Bokeh. But on this occasion I will not discuss these terms further considering the limited time.
Before buying a camera, one should first recognize that the future needs of a photographic camera lenses in accordance with his needs. Here are some common scenarios that occur in the real world:
• For daily use, simple documentation photographs, family pictures: 3x zoom lens, with focal length 35mm to 105mm. This is the lens focal length is most common in compact cameras on the market. Wide to telephoto lens of this kind is considered to meet most of the photography needs everyday.
• For landscape and architecture: wide lens (fixed or zoom). For example, DP Sigma compact cameras have a fixed wide lens, while the other camera lens at wide can generally up to 10x optical zoom. For example, Lumix TZ4 has a focal length from 28mm to 280mm. On the market today began many cameras with wide lenses, though not always the same length fokalnya. Generally is at 28mm, although some are 30mm or even 24mm.
• For the needs of remote images, bird lovers, and who liked to secretly photographed from a distance: a telephoto lens which is generally found in cameras Prosumer / super zoom. Usually camera with telephoto lens has a maximum length of over 300mm, and some even above 500mm. If you find a camera with 10x optical zoom, 12x, 15x and even up to 20x zoom, the camera is an example of a telephoto lens capabilities.
• For the needs of high-shutter speed, or use in place of less light: fast lenses with diafrgama maximum exposure above f/2.8. Or a zoom lens that has a constant maximum diaphragm opening (as in the lens Lumix FZ20). Keep in mind that such a fast lens is quite rare, however, because the design is difficult and high production costs. Instead, now encountered a new camera with a slow lens with the diaphragm opening that starts from f/3.5 quite disappointing.
After a prospective buyer to understand the needs of photographic cameras and choose lenses (camera) that he liked, then he can explore further to the lens (camera) that has it. In practice, there will be so awe or disappointment may even be the performance of optical lenses. But once you do not feel sorry if the picture was not satisfactory, you can be too imposing your camera lens exceeds limits. At least, recognize the first few facts about the following lenses:
• The lens has many elements in it. The more elements, the path of light paths will become more complex and tends to reduce the quality and sharpness of the lens. So it has nothing in history can match the zoom lens fix lens sharpness, because of the many elements that have a zoom lens.
• The lens will always have a wide deviation / distortion. For that do not force a wide lenses to photograph people’s faces, because the later will look round and fat. Also avoid using a wide lens to photograph a straight line.
• The sharpness of the lens is not always the same. The sharpness of the lens is reduced when the diaphragm is opened up or reduced minimum (lens diffraction effects). A zoom lens will also decrease the sharpness when used in the tele position. To get the best sharpness, use a wide focal length up to normal, and use the diaphragm value of the middle (sweet spots) around f/5.6 to f / 8.
• The center of the lens is always sharper than the edge / corner. A good lens has a sharpness that still pretty good in his corner, and a bad lens will experience a severe reduction in sharpness in the corners, corner blurriness term. But considering most of the object image in the middle, then (thankfully) few people look at the corner detail of a photograph.
• The maximum diaphragm aperture on the zoom lens can be changed. To avoid the complicated lens designs, the zoom lens has its own uniqueness with maximum openings of different diaphragm in a different focal length. Notice the writing on the lens, ie lens 35-105mm f/2.8-4.5 means “the position of 35mm wide, maximum exposure is f/2.8, while at 105mm maximum telephoto position, opening up to f/4.5 maximum down”
• super zoom lens has a lot of compromise. Initially there is no lens that has an extreme focal range, which can accommodate up to 26mm wide on a 520mm telephoto lens. But the market needs and inter-brand competition makes producers finally forced to make a versatile lens can (sapujagad) such as the Olympus SP 570 with a 20x zoom. This kind of lens through a lot of theoretical limits of optical physics, at the expense of quality and sharpness, to meet the ambitions of a predicate all-in-one lens. In my opinion, a super zoom lens up to 12 x 10 is enough balance between capacity and quality telephoto, while the lens 15x, 18x and 20x seems too forced myself and only for those who are ambitious to have a very long lens.
Finally, let me give some feedback how to tips on selecting quality pocket camera lens. At least, for those of you who had intended to buy a pocket camera, can have an idea of how I rate the lens on the camera.
• Do not ambitious. There’s nothing wrong with a 3x zoom lens camera, though it would be nice to have a camera that can zoom lenses up to 6x or even more. Return to your needs alone, with the longer recognize the principle zoomnya, the more complicated elements of the lens, the more likely reduction in sharpness. If you want to buy a camera that zoomnya above 10x, make sure you have read reviewnya, see the sample pictures and feel satisfied with the sharpness of the lens.
• More wide better. This may be somewhat subjective, but believe me, it would be great to have a wide lens than a telephoto lens. In some cases, you can try extra to get the photograph as a telephoto lens (as closer to the object or cropping), but to get results that seem broad picture (and dramatically) can only be done using a wide lens. Find the camera lens starting from 28mm wide and at least telenya ends in 85mm.
• The sooner the better. Very simple, avoid maximum lens opening is smaller than f/2.8. When your camera has a slower lens, you will often raise the ISO and will result in a lot of noise in images. To that note written on the lens, which tells us how the maximum exposure. For example, relatively fast lens is like this: f/2.7-3.5 (the Canon S5 IS). Unfortunately, many camera manufacturers are not gentle with no writing on the specification maximum diaframa lenses, such as Kodak, Pentax and Samsung. So if you are offered f/3.5-5.6 lens camera, you can just say: no.
• Much better bonuses. Some elements of the lens given special bonuses such as optical stabilizer, lens and lens Asperical low dispersion. This bonus can reduce the distortion, purple fringing prevent and maintain the contrast and sharpness. Unfortunately the lens with low dispersion element bonus is rather rare (in some Nikon Coolpix line of cameras, lenses are marked with the code indicating a bonus ED low dispersion elements).
‘why professional photographers have to spend big money to have a full frame DSLR camera this expensive? “
I can only imagine what a full frame DSLR camera can only guess it, about what makes the professionals choose Full frame. Perhaps this is her answer:
• Noise cleaner at high ISO. Although ordinary DSLR capable of giving good results in photo high ISO, it does not mean necessarily without noise. For comparison the Nikon DX class, the lowest caste (Nikon D40) and the highest caste (Nikon D300) using the same size sensor so the noise in the case of high ISO would be the same. It could be at high ISO, D300 noise reduction approach is better, so look cleaner than the D40. But when pitted against the D700 for example, looks D300 is still oversized at high ISO. Professionals do not compromise with the noise.
• Without the crop factor. The main enemy is the wide lens crop factor of the sensor, so the lens should be very wide in 18mm would be 28mm when mounted on the ordinary DSLR camera. Crop factor might be a friend of a telephoto lens, but for the wide lens manufacturers have to think extra hard to make a fixed wide lens wide when exposed to the crop factor. Therefore, the present wide lens starts from 10mm to 14mm to get the angle of view is desired. With Full frame DSLR, 24mm lens will still 24mm. 18mm lens will remain 18mm, so very suitable for landscape photography.
• Dynamic range is better. With the large sensor size, pixel density and pixel size so that even greater ability to capture light sensor in any better. Full frame sensors can avoid the possibility of blown highlights or dark shadows. To maintain the dynamic range while the high contrast, professionals need Full frame DSLR.
• extra large Viewfinder. Imagine doing manual focus using the viewfinder small and narrow. It must be frustrating right? For Full frame DSLR that comes with a large viewfinder for convenient shooting object image.
Of course, many other answers, but the technique of the four factors above it deserves to be the main reason. If you feel it the four factors above can not be compromised, then you need a full frame DSLR. But keep in mind, Full frame DSLR does not mean much superior in terms of speed auto focus, metering and overall performance (fps, shutter lag, etc.) than usual DSLR. And when used at low ISO, the photographs of the two types of DSLR camera is very difficult to distinguish. So, wants to play Full frame DSLR or DSLR ordinary (APS-C sensor or sensors Four Thirds)? It’s up to you (and your budget of course).
Posted by cahsiji 
